Match the following material types (Column I) with their rheological properties (Column II):
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| P. Bingham plastic | 1. Viscosity increases with increase in shear rate |
| Q. Dilatant | 2. Finite yield stress |
| R. Pseudoplastic | 3. Shear rate proportional to shear stress |
| S. Newtonian | 4. Viscosity decreases with increase in shear rate |
Options:
(A) P-1, Q-2, R-4, S-3
(B) P-2, Q-1, R-4, S-3
(C) P-2, Q-4, R-1, S-3
(D) P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1
Official Answer Key:
B
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
P. Bingham plastic → 2. Finite yield stress. The defining feature: the material behaves as a solid until the applied stress exceeds a yield value τ₀, after which it flows (e.g. tomato paste, toothpaste). Model: τ = τ₀ + μ γ̇.
Q. Dilatant → 1. Viscosity increases with increase in shear rate. Shear-thickening behaviour (n > 1 in the power law), e.g. concentrated starch suspensions.
R. Pseudoplastic → 4. Viscosity decreases with increase in shear rate. Shear-thinning behaviour (n < 1), the commonest food behaviour, e.g. fruit purées, mayonnaise.
S. Newtonian → 3. Shear rate proportional to shear stress. Constant viscosity independent of shear rate, e.g. water, milk, honey, clear juices.
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