Section 4: Soil and Water Conservation Engineering
Hydrology
Subtopic: Hydrograph analysis, unit hydrograph theory and application
Question Statement:
The shape of falling limb of a hydrograph is dependent on ______.
Options:
(A) basin and storm characteristics
(B) storm characteristics only
(C) basin characteristics only
(D) direction of the rainfall only
Official Answer Key:
C
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
• The rising limb of a hydrograph is governed mainly by storm characteristics (rainfall intensity, duration, distribution). The falling (recession/depletion) limb, however, represents the withdrawal of water from storage and depends on basin storage characteristics — independent of how the storm itself was distributed.
• Distractor logic: (A) and (B) incorrectly bring in storm-dependence for the recession curve. (D) is not the governing factor for recession shape.
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