Section 4: Soil and Water Conservation Engineering
Fluid Mechanics
Subtopic: Ideal and real fluids, properties of fluids
Question Statement:
In refining of the rice bran oil for edible purpose, neutralization process is carried out mainly to remove
Options:
(A) wax and organic impurities
(B) gums and mucilage
(C) saturated glycerides
(D) free fatty acids
Official Answer Key:
D
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
Refining sequence: degumming → neutralization (alkali refining) → bleaching → dewaxing/winterization → deodorization.
Neutralization uses caustic alkali (NaOH) to convert free fatty acids into soap stock, which is separated. Rice bran oil is characteristically high in FFA, making this step critical.
Gums and mucilage are removed in degumming (B); waxes in dewaxing (A).
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