Irrigation Water Conveyance and Application Methods
Subtopic: Design of irrigation channels and underground pipelines
Question Statement:
The discharge from a sprinkler nozzle depends on
Options:
(A) operating pressure and nozzle geometry.
(B) operating pressure and distribution pattern.
(C) application rate and nozzle angle.
(D) operating pressure and application rate.
Official Answer Key:
A
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
Orifice equation: q = C_d a √(2gH), where a is the nozzle cross-sectional area and H the operating pressure head.
Hence discharge is governed by operating pressure and nozzle geometry (size/shape and C_d).
Distribution pattern and application rate are consequences of the discharge and sprinkler spacing, not its causes — this reversal of cause and effect is the distractor in (B) and (D).
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