In a group of four children, Som is younger to Riaz. Shiv is elder to Ansu. Ansu is youngest in the group. Which of the following statements is/are required to find the eldest child in the group?
Statements:
1. Shiv is younger to Riaz.
2. Shiv is elder to Som.
Options:
(A) Statement 1 by itself determines the eldest child.
(B) Statement 2 by itself determines the eldest child.
(C) Statements 1 and 2 are both required to determine the eldest child.
(D) Statements 1 and 2 are not sufficient to determine the eldest child.
Official Answer Key:
A
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
Given: Som < Riaz; Shiv > Ansu; Ansu is the youngest of the four (Som, Riaz, Shiv, Ansu).
Using Statement 1 alone (Shiv < Riaz): combined with the given facts, Riaz is now known to be greater than both Shiv (Shiv<Riaz) and Som (Som<Riaz); and Ansu is already the youngest, so Ansu cannot be eldest either. That leaves Riaz as the only child not shown to be smaller than someone else — Riaz is the eldest. Statement 1 alone is sufficient.
Using Statement 2 alone (Shiv > Som): this only orders Shiv above Som and Ansu; it does not fix Riaz's rank relative to Shiv, so either Riaz or Shiv could be eldest — not sufficient alone.
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