Subtopic: Functional requirements, principles of working, construction and operation of manual, animal, tractor and renewable energy operated equipment for tillage, sowing, planting, fertilizer application, inter-cultivation, spraying, mowing, chaff cutting, harvesting and threshing
Question Statement:
A hydraulic spray nozzle has a discharge of 450 ml min⁻¹ at a pressure of 280 kPa. If the pressure is increased by 10%, the discharge will be
Options:
(A) increased by 4.9%
(B) increased by 10.0%
(C) increased by 21.0%
(D) decreased by 4.6%
Official Answer Key:
A
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
For a hydraulic nozzle, discharge is governed by the orifice equation Q ∝ √P. With P₂ = 1.10 P₁: Q₂/Q₁ = √1.10 = 1.0488, i.e. an increase of about 4.9%. Numerically, Q₂ = 450 × 1.0488 ≈ 472 ml/min, a 4.9% rise — option (A). Option (B) is the common error of assuming discharge scales linearly with pressure (Q ∝ P) rather than with its square root.
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