Section 4: Soil and Water Conservation Engineering
Fluid Mechanics
Subtopic: Flow in open channels
Question Statement:
While deriving the Chezy formula for uniform flow, it is assumed that there is a balance between
Options:
(A) gravity and inertial forces
(B) inertial and viscous forces
(C) frictional and gravity forces
(D) frictional and inertial forces
Official Answer Key:
C
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
In uniform flow (constant depth and velocity along the channel), the component of gravity along the channel bed exactly balances the frictional (boundary shear) resistance — there is no net acceleration, so inertial forces do not enter the balance. This gravity–friction equilibrium is exactly what the Chezy formula, V = C√(RS), expresses.
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